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There have been lots of stories written about Hole in the
Rock located west of Blanding in Utah, but most of those stories cover little
more than a twenty mile section of the original two hundred mile journey and
never even visit the actual site of Hole in the Rock. Very few visitors realize the original name
for the journey more than one hundred years ago was, “The San Juan
Mission”. Not until the mission was
complete did the path left behind become referred to as the Hole in the Rock
Road. That road was used for more than a
year after the San Juan Mission settled in the town now known as Bluff, and was
traveled in both directions.
The story of the San Juan Mission goes back to before the
existence of Utah as a state. Under the
leadership of Brigham Young, the Mormon Church, based in Salt Lake City, had set out to colonize as much of the wild
west as possible. When he died in 1877,
there was still a lot left undone. One
gaping hole in the overall plan was the area referred to as the San Juans
located on the east side of the Colorado River and extending into Colorado and
Arizona. Although a few families had
moved into the isolated area, there was no substantial Church presence in that
remote country. The San Juan’s of Utah
were cut off from the rest of the state by the mighty Colorado River.
Most of the activity for southern Utah branched out from the
towns of Cedar City, Parowan, and Paragonah.
Any expansion into the San Juans would begin from there. The town of Escalante was the most easterly
settlement dating back to 1876 and was on a direct line between Cedar City and
the area where the town of Bluff would soon be established. It was an estimated 200 miles from Escalante to
Bluff but because of canyons carved by the Colorado River, no one had ever gone
that way. There was no existing wagon
road, not even a footpath that connected the two points.
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